The number of reported homeless persons following floods. Effects of urban development on floods hydrologic effects of urban development streams are fed by runoff from rainfall and snowmelt moving as overland or subsurface flow. Some of the causes of floods include the following. Flooding is experienced all over the globe and for a variety of reasons but why exactly does flooding occur. With the exception of some floods generated by dam failure or landslides, floods are climatological phenomena influenced by the geology, geomorphology, relief, soil. There are several human causes of flooding, including poorly designed infrastructure. Apr 04, 2019 floods are among earths most commonand most destructivenatural hazards. Usually the combined flow of several waterswollen tributaries. Floods occur when large volumes of runoff flow quickly into streams and rivers. Causes and consequences of recent floods in the golestan catchments and caspian sea regions of iran. Floods are among the most frequent and costly natural disasters in terms of human hardship and economic loss. Natural hazards and flood events are part of nature.
Originally perceived and idolized by the natives of new guinea and discovered by europeans in the sixteenth century, birds of paradise have long enchanted observers with their extraordinary beauty. Settlement of floodplain areas is a major cause of floodplain areas is a major cause of flood damage. Floods are natural occurrences where an area or land that is normally dry abruptly becomes submerged in water. This process maintains an overall balance between water in the air, on the surface and in. Floods definition and different causes of floods toppr. Causes of flooding from a geological perspective, floods are a natural consequence of stream flow in a continually changing environment. One reason for this increase in disaster risk is the vulnerability of many communities. Throughout the human civilization, floods have been part of his destiny. If you thought that floods are natural disasters that happened only in poorer continents like africa and asia, then you are wrong. Floods are second only to fire as the most common of all natural disasters. Unfortunately, sometimes they turn disastrous, killing people and destroying property, forcing humans to come up with countermeasures against flooding. You can greatly lessen the impact of a flood by taking the time to prepare in advance. Floods inland flooding inland flooding is the major hazard facing ghana especially urban floods informal settlements.
Floods are as destructive as hurricanes, tsunamis and earthquakes. Nature and causes of floods and associated secondary hazards throughout history people have been attracted to the fertile land of the flood plains where there lives have been made easier by virtue of close proximity to sources of food and water. Flood waters also strip the ground of needed nutrients. Floods are part of the earths natural hydrologic cycle. Follow the links below to material related to this course.
It is important to know how natural floods occur as well as the most common causes of flooding so you can protect yourself and your property. There are many causes of floods, some are natural and some are humanmade. However, many floods are anything but natural, stemming from plumbing systems, appliances, and other manmade inventions. Floods are among earths most commonand most destructivenatural hazards. Floods occur most commonly when water from heavy rainfall, from melting ice and snow, or from a combination of these exceeds the carrying capacity of the river system, lake, or the like into which it runs. The cycle circulates water throughout the environment figure 11. And second, even countries like the usa and the uk get floods that cause huge losses to life and. That increases costs to farmers but provides a benefit to fertilizer companies. Pdf causes and consequences of recent floods in the golestan. No other kind of natural disaster in america has caused more death and destruction than floods. The worst cases of flooding may occur if there is a combination of storms, spring tides and low atmospheric pressure. Usually the combined flow of several waterswollen tributaries causes flooding along a river bank or shoreline.
Floods and floodplains floods are part of the earths natural hydrologic cycle. Mar 07, 2016 while there are naturally caused floods that would have occurred from time to time that natural systems could mostly handle, our development of a lot of the worlds landscape and our consumptive lifestyles have led to an increase in floods. Floods also cause food prices to spike, depending on how fast the flood waters recede. You can take steps to reduce the harm caused by flooding. Tsunamis tsunamis are longperiod waves generated by disturbances such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and. Floods are the most frequent natural hazards in canada. Floods, big or small, can have devastating effects on your home and your family. In australia, floods are the most expensive type of natural disaster, but also one of the most manageable. Learn how to prepare for a flood, stay safe during a flood, and protect your health when you return home after a flood.
Most communities in the united states can experience some kind of flooding. Economic losses due to the effects of damaging floods have increased significantly around the world integrated flood risk management in asia, 2005. Water held back by the ice jam or debris dam can cause flooding upstream. Occasionally, floating debris or ice can accumulate at a natural or manmade obstruction and restrict the flow of water. Causes and effects of flooding in global and thailand causes of flooding. A flood is a natural event that can have far reaching effects on people and the environment. Learn about different kinds of floods and what causes them. List of books and articles about flooding online research. They have always existed and will continue to exist.
In nigeria, though not leading in terms of claiming lives, flood affects and displaces more people than any other disaster. Geographical of thailand, northern thailand is hill side, when there is heavy rain the water flow from northern river such as ping, wang, yom, nan to chaopraya river, floodplain area which is central area. Although deep snow alone rarely causes floods, when it occurs together with heavy rain. Reading comprehension read the essay and then answer the questions.
One area might receive a lot of rain and wont flood while in other areas the same amount of rainfall can wreak havoc, destroying homes, businesses and the natural environment. Consequently, scientists have long tried to perfect their ability to predict floods. According to parker8 and the hut 2010, floods cause natural threats to life, health and population. Rises in sealevel and storm surges, which cause coastal flooding, will. Find out what to do before, during, and after a flood.
Presently there are widely discussed of disasters and its results to enhance the public awareness and greater destruction caused by disaster flood. Coastal areas are also at risk from sea flooding, when storms and big waves bring seawater onto the land. A flood is caused by a combination of heavy rainfall causing river oceans to over flow their banks, and can. The following is a list of some of the human causes of floods. Floods are a natural phenomenon that occur when a great flow of water into the river overflows the river banks and floods the nearby land. Floods lead to an overfull and huge spread of water but are not considered safe for the purpose of drinking. Nature and causes of flooding and associated secondary hazards. Subsequent flash flooding can occur downstream if the obstruction should suddenly release. The causes of flooding are varied, but the effects of most causes can be managed if not prevented. Floods are natural phenomena, and may be expected to occur at irregular intervals on all stream and rivers. Over 200 flood related fatalities are reported each year with over half being vehiclerelated when people try to drive through floodwaters.
Floods are the most frequent natural hazards in canada, and the. Aug 06, 2018 floods are among the most common natural occurrences on the planet. Soybeans, corn, rice, and cotton are planted in the mississippi river area in the spring when flooding occurs. Put simply, a flood is too much water in the wrong place. Over 200 floodrelated fatalities are reported each year with over half being vehiclerelated when people try to drive through floodwaters. Floods have been occurring throughout earth history, and are expected so long as the water cycle continues to run. Find out more about this type of natural disaster, what causes it, and the devastating effects it can carry long after floodwaters recede. They also can cause extensive damage to human development and loss of life. Flooding is experienced all over the globe and for a variety of reasons both man made and natural. Floods are among the most devastating natural disasters in the world, claiming more lives and causing more property damage than any other natural phenomena. Floods are the most common natural disaster in the european region, which has.
Pdf flood has been considered as one of the most recurring and frequent disaster in the world. While the risk of flooding is much lower in certain areas, the right combination of causes and conditions can still lead to serious flooding that can result in property damage. Learn how the two compare in terms of likelihood and potential damage. When you picture flooding, the word natural disaster probably comes to mind. As much as 90 percent of the damage related to all natural disasters excluding droughts is caused by floods and associated debris flows. An examination of the causes, effects, and options available to mitigate natural disasters, such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunami, landslides, subsidence, flooding, severe weather, and meteorite impacts. Floods in the who european region world health organization.
In january 1974 tropical cyclone crossed the coast about 150. Everyone has a responsibility to protect their homes and their families. A river flood occurs when high water rises above a rivers banks and overspills them. While there are naturally caused floods that would have occurred from time to time that natural systems could mostly handle, our development of a lot of the worlds landscape and our consumptive lifestyles have led to an increase in floods. Such floods are natural and often yearly events in many river systems and help sculpt the landscape and ecosystems of river basins. Pdf causes and consequences of flooding in nigeria. Flooding happens in many ways due to overflow of streams, rivers, lakes or oceans or as a result of excessive. Here are eight of the most common causes of flooding, both natural and humaninduced. Floods are one of the leading causes of death from natural disasters in the united states. Nature and causes of flooding and associated secondary.
An analysis of the causes and circumstances of flood. Causes and effects of flooding in global and thailand. This process maintains an overall balance between water in the air, on the surface and in the ground. Most towns and cities are prone to floods and in the cities virtually every rain causes floods in the informal settlements. A contribution towards more consistent recording of natural disaster fatalities is made by focussing on individual fatalities in specific. The floods of 1893 actually a series of three flood peaks over a period of three weeks and 1974 were both caused by rainfall from decaying tropical cyclones. Here, we shall discuss the various causes of floods.
Main cause of flooding in thailand is heave rain in monsoon season, overloaded capacity of dam, river. Flood hazard ironically, the same river or stream that provides. Thus floods bring with them a number of diseases such as typhoid, cholera and many others. A critical analysis revealed that many cases of flooding experienced in this country are caused by dam.
Most flash flooding is caused by slowmoving thunderstorms, thunderstorms repeatedly moving over the same area, or heavy rains from hurricanes and tropical storms. They occur almost everywhere in the world, resulting in widespread damage and even death. Accordingly, drought is a natural event arising due to less precipitation than expected thus defining the intricacies witnessed when the demands for water supply are higher than the available water for some activity, humans, or the environment. Objectives after studying this lesson you will be able to. Jan 21, 2020 floods also cause food prices to spike, depending on how fast the flood waters recede. Floods 101 no other kind of natural disaster in america has caused more death and destruction than floods. Those kinds of rainfalls usually trigger flash floods in mountainous watersheds, which cause significant damages on human infrastructure, livestock and. In simple terms, flood can be defined as an overflow of large quantities of water onto a normally dry land. Result from tropical storms, dam failures or excessive rain and snow. The floods thus had a direct and indirect impact on human, environmental, and economic losses. In this chapter we will study five natural disasters i. When floods occur they bring with them numerous problems, ranging from the physical impact of water damage to the problems of disease and famine that can follow such disasters.
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